Global Feozen Romaine Market Growth 2022-2028

1.1 Market Introduction

1.2 Years Considered

1.3 Research Objectives

1.4 Market Research Methodology

1.5 Research Process and Data Source

1.6 Economic Indicators

1.7 Currency Considered

2 Executive Summary

2.1 World Market Overview

2.1.1 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Sales 2017-2028

2.1.2 World Current & Future Analysis for Feozen Romaine by Geographic Region, 2017, 2022 & 2028

2.1.3 World Current & Future Analysis for Feozen Romaine by Country/Region, 2017, 2022 & 2028

2.2 Feozen Romaine Segment by Type

2.2.1 Leaf Romaine

2.2.2 Romaine

2.2.3 Iceberg Romaine

2.2.4 Boston Romaine

2.2.5 Others

2.3 Feozen Romaine Sales by Type

2.3.1 Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

2.3.2 Global Feozen Romaine Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

2.3.3 Global Feozen Romaine Sale Price by Type (2017-2022)

2.4 Feozen Romaine Segment by Application

2.4.1 Supermarkets/Hypermarkets

2.4.2 Convenience Stores

2.4.3 Independent Retailers

2.4.4 Online Sales

2.4.5 Others

2.5 Feozen Romaine Sales by Application

2.5.1 Global Feozen Romaine Sale Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

2.5.2 Global Feozen Romaine Revenue and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

2.5.3 Global Feozen Romaine Sale Price by Application (2017-2022)

3 Global Feozen Romaine by Company

3.1 Global Feozen Romaine Breakdown Data by Company

3.1.1 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Sales by Company (2020-2022)

3.1.2 Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

3.2 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Revenue by Company (2020-2022)

3.2.1 Global Feozen Romaine Revenue by Company (2020-2022)

3.2.2 Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

3.3 Global Feozen Romaine Sale Price by Company

3.4 Key Manufacturers Feozen Romaine Producing Area Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3.4.1 Key Manufacturers Feozen Romaine Product Location Distribution

3.4.2 Players Feozen Romaine Products Offered

3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis

3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis

3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2020-2022)

3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants

3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

4 World Historic Review for Feozen Romaine by Geographic Region

4.1 World Historic Feozen Romaine Market Size by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

4.1.1 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Sales by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

4.1.2 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Revenue by Geographic Region

4.2 World Historic Feozen Romaine Market Size by Country/Region (2017-2022)

4.2.1 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Sales by Country/Region (2017-2022)

4.2.2 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Revenue by Country/Region

4.3 Americas Feozen Romaine Sales Growth

4.4 APAC Feozen Romaine Sales Growth

4.5 Europe Feozen Romaine Sales Growth

4.6 Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales Growth

5 Americas

5.1 Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Country

5.1.1 Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Country (2017-2022)

5.1.2 Americas Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country (2017-2022)

5.2 Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Type

5.3 Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Application

5.4 United States

5.5 Canada

5.6 Mexico

5.7 Brazil

6 APAC

6.1 APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Region

6.1.1 APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Region (2017-2022)

6.1.2 APAC Feozen Romaine Revenue by Region (2017-2022)

6.2 APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Type

6.3 APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Application

6.4 China

6.5 Japan

6.6 South Korea

6.7 Southeast Asia

6.8 India

6.9 Australia

6.10 China Taiwan

7 Europe

7.1 Europe Feozen Romaine by Country

7.1.1 Europe Feozen Romaine Sales by Country (2017-2022)

7.1.2 Europe Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country (2017-2022)

7.2 Europe Feozen Romaine Sales by Type

7.3 Europe Feozen Romaine Sales by Application

7.4 Germany

7.5 France

7.6 UK

7.7 Italy

7.8 Russia

8 Middle East & Africa

8.1 Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine by Country

8.1.1 Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales by Country (2017-2022)

8.1.2 Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country (2017-2022)

8.2 Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales by Type

8.3 Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales by Application

8.4 Egypt

8.5 South Africa

8.6 Israel

8.7 Turkey

8.8 GCC Countries

9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends

9.1 Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities

9.2 Market Challenges & Risks

9.3 Industry Trends

10 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis

10.1 Raw Material and Suppliers

10.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Feozen Romaine

10.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Feozen Romaine

10.4 Industry Chain Structure of Feozen Romaine

11 Marketing, Distributors and Customer

11.1 Sales Channel

11.1.1 Direct Channels

11.1.2 Indirect Channels

11.2 Feozen Romaine Distributors

11.3 Feozen Romaine Customer

12 World Forecast Review for Feozen Romaine by Geographic Region

12.1 Global Feozen Romaine Market Size Forecast by Region

12.1.1 Global Feozen Romaine Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

12.1.2 Global Feozen Romaine Annual Revenue Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

12.2 Americas Forecast by Country

12.3 APAC Forecast by Region

12.4 Europe Forecast by Country

12.5 Middle East & Africa Forecast by Country

12.6 Global Feozen Romaine Forecast by Type

12.7 Global Feozen Romaine Forecast by Application

13 Key Players Analysis

13.1 Dole Food

13.1.1 Dole Food Company Information

13.1.2 Dole Food Feozen Romaine Product Offered

13.1.3 Dole Food Feozen Romaine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.1.4 Dole Food Main Business Overview

13.1.5 Dole Food Latest Developments

13.2 Ardo Group

13.2.1 Ardo Group Company Information

13.2.2 Ardo Group Feozen Romaine Product Offered

13.2.3 Ardo Group Feozen Romaine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.2.4 Ardo Group Main Business Overview

13.2.5 Ardo Group Latest Developments

13.3 Birds Eye Foods

13.3.1 Birds Eye Foods Company Information

13.3.2 Birds Eye Foods Feozen Romaine Product Offered

13.3.3 Birds Eye Foods Feozen Romaine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.3.4 Birds Eye Foods Main Business Overview

13.3.5 Birds Eye Foods Latest Developments

13.4 Green Giant

13.4.1 Green Giant Company Information

13.4.2 Green Giant Feozen Romaine Product Offered

13.4.3 Green Giant Feozen Romaine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.4.4 Green Giant Main Business Overview

13.4.5 Green Giant Latest Developments

13.5 Simplot Food

13.5.1 Simplot Food Company Information

13.5.2 Simplot Food Feozen Romaine Product Offered

13.5.3 Simplot Food Feozen Romaine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.5.4 Simplot Food Main Business Overview

13.5.5 Simplot Food Latest Developments

13.6 Vivartia

13.6.1 Vivartia Company Information

13.6.2 Vivartia Feozen Romaine Product Offered

13.6.3 Vivartia Feozen Romaine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

13.6.4 Vivartia Main Business Overview

13.6.5 Vivartia Latest Developments

14 Research Findings and Conclusion

Table 1. Feozen Romaine Annual Sales CAGR by Geographic Region (2017, 2022 & 2028) & ($ millions)

Table 2. Feozen Romaine Annual Sales CAGR by Country/Region (2017, 2022 & 2028) & ($ millions)

Table 3. Major Players of Leaf Romaine

Table 4. Major Players of Romaine

Table 5. Major Players of Iceberg Romaine

Table 6. Major Players of Boston Romaine

Table 7. Major Players of Others

Table 8. Global Feozen Romaine Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 9. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 10. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue by Type (2017-2022) & ($ million)

Table 11. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 12. Global Feozen Romaine Sale Price by Type (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)

Table 13. Global Feozen Romaine Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 14. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 15. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue by Application (2017-2022)

Table 16. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 17. Global Feozen Romaine Sale Price by Application (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)

Table 18. Global Feozen Romaine Sales by Company (2020-2022) & (K Units)

Table 19. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

Table 20. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue by Company (2020-2022) ($ Millions)

Table 21. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2022)

Table 22. Global Feozen Romaine Sale Price by Company (2020-2022) & (US$/Unit)

Table 23. Key Manufacturers Feozen Romaine Producing Area Distribution and Sales Area

Table 24. Players Feozen Romaine Products Offered

Table 25. Feozen Romaine Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2020-2022)

Table 26. New Products and Potential Entrants

Table 27. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

Table 28. Global Feozen Romaine Sales by Geographic Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 29. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share Geographic Region (2017-2022)

Table 30. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue by Geographic Region (2017-2022) & ($ millions)

Table 31. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

Table 32. Global Feozen Romaine Sales by Country/Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 33. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2017-2022)

Table 34. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country/Region (2017-2022) & ($ millions)

Table 35. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country/Region (2017-2022)

Table 36. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 37. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 38. Americas Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 39. Americas Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 40. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 41. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 42. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 43. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 44. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 45. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table 46. APAC Feozen Romaine Revenue by Region (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 47. APAC Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table 48. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 49. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 50. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 51. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 52. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 53. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 54. Europe Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 55. Europe Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 56. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 57. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 58. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 59. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 60. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 61. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 62. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 63. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 64. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales by Type (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 65. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 66. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Table 67. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 68. Key Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities of Feozen Romaine

Table 69. Key Market Challenges & Risks of Feozen Romaine

Table 70. Key Industry Trends of Feozen Romaine

Table 71. Feozen Romaine Raw Material

Table 72. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

Table 73. Feozen Romaine Distributors List

Table 74. Feozen Romaine Customer List

Table 75. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 76. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Forecast by Region

Table 77. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 78. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

Table 79. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 80. Americas Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 81. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 82. APAC Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Region (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 83. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 84. Europe Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 85. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 86. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Country (2023-2028) & ($ millions)

Table 87. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Type (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 88. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2023-2028)

Table 89. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Type (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 90. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2023-2028)

Table 91. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Forecast by Application (2023-2028) & (K Units)

Table 92. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2023-2028)

Table 93. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Forecast by Application (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 94. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2023-2028)

Table 95. Dole Food Basic Information, Feozen Romaine Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 96. Dole Food Feozen Romaine Product Offered

Table 97. Dole Food Feozen Romaine Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 98. Dole Food Main Business

Table 99. Dole Food Latest Developments

Table 100. Ardo Group Basic Information, Feozen Romaine Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 101. Ardo Group Feozen Romaine Product Offered

Table 102. Ardo Group Feozen Romaine Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 103. Ardo Group Main Business

Table 104. Ardo Group Latest Developments

Table 105. Birds Eye Foods Basic Information, Feozen Romaine Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 106. Birds Eye Foods Feozen Romaine Product Offered

Table 107. Birds Eye Foods Feozen Romaine Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 108. Birds Eye Foods Main Business

Table 109. Birds Eye Foods Latest Developments

Table 110. Green Giant Basic Information, Feozen Romaine Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 111. Green Giant Feozen Romaine Product Offered

Table 112. Green Giant Feozen Romaine Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 113. Green Giant Main Business

Table 114. Green Giant Latest Developments

Table 115. Simplot Food Basic Information, Feozen Romaine Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 116. Simplot Food Feozen Romaine Product Offered

Table 117. Simplot Food Feozen Romaine Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 118. Simplot Food Main Business

Table 119. Simplot Food Latest Developments

Table 120. Vivartia Basic Information, Feozen Romaine Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table 121. Vivartia Feozen Romaine Product Offered

Table 122. Vivartia Feozen Romaine Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2020-2022)

Table 123. Vivartia Main Business

Table 124. Vivartia Latest Developments

List of Figures

Figure 1. Picture of Feozen Romaine

Figure 2. Feozen Romaine Report Years Considered

Figure 3. Research Objectives

Figure 4. Research Methodology

Figure 5. Research Process and Data Source

Figure 6. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Growth Rate 2017-2028 (K Units)

Figure 7. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth Rate 2017-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 8. Feozen Romaine Sales by Region (2021 & 2028) & ($ millions)

Figure 9. Product Picture of Leaf Romaine

Figure 10. Product Picture of Romaine

Figure 11. Product Picture of Iceberg Romaine

Figure 12. Product Picture of Boston Romaine

Figure 13. Product Picture of Others

Figure 14. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Type in 2021

Figure 15. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Figure 16. Feozen Romaine Consumed in Supermarkets/Hypermarkets

Figure 17. Global Feozen Romaine Market: Supermarkets/Hypermarkets (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Figure 18. Feozen Romaine Consumed in Convenience Stores

Figure 19. Global Feozen Romaine Market: Convenience Stores (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Figure 20. Feozen Romaine Consumed in Independent Retailers

Figure 21. Global Feozen Romaine Market: Independent Retailers (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Figure 22. Feozen Romaine Consumed in Online Sales

Figure 23. Global Feozen Romaine Market: Online Sales (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Figure 24. Feozen Romaine Consumed in Others

Figure 25. Global Feozen Romaine Market: Others (2017-2022) & (K Units)

Figure 26. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Figure 27. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 28. Feozen Romaine Revenue Market by Company in 2021 ($ Million)

Figure 29. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Company in 2021

Figure 30. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Geographic Region (2017-2022)

Figure 31. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Geographic Region in 2021

Figure 32. Global Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Figure 33. Global Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country/Region in 2021

Figure 34. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales 2017-2022 (K Units)

Figure 35. Americas Feozen Romaine Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 36. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales 2017-2022 (K Units)

Figure 37. APAC Feozen Romaine Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 38. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales 2017-2022 (K Units)

Figure 39. Europe Feozen Romaine Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 40. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales 2017-2022 (K Units)

Figure 41. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 42. Americas Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 43. Americas Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 44. United States Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 45. Canada Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 46. Mexico Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 47. Brazil Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 48. APAC Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Region in 2021

Figure 49. APAC Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2021

Figure 50. China Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 51. Japan Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 52. South Korea Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 53. Southeast Asia Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 54. India Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 55. Australia Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 56. Europe Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 57. Europe Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 58. Germany Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 59. France Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 60. UK Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 61. Italy Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 62. Russia Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 63. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Sales Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 64. Middle East & Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 65. Egypt Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 66. South Africa Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 67. Israel Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 68. Turkey Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 69. GCC Country Feozen Romaine Revenue Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 70. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Feozen Romaine in 2021

Figure 71. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Feozen Romaine

Figure 72. Industry Chain Structure of Feozen Romaine

Figure 73. Channels of Distribution

Figure 74. Distributors Profiles