Global Extensometers Market Research Report 2018-2023 by Players, Regions, Product Types & Applications

Global Extensometers Market Research Report 2017-2022 by Players, Regions, Product Types & Applications

Chapter One Methodology and Data Source

1.1 Methodology/Research Approach

1.1.1 Research Programs/Design

1.1.2 Market Size Estimation

1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation

1.2 Data Source

1.2.1 Secondary Sources

1.2.2 Primary Sources

1.3 Disclaimer

Chapter Two Extensometers Market Overview

2.1 Market Coverage

2.2 Global Extensometers Market Sales Volume Revenue and Price 2012-2017

Chapter Three Extensometers by Key Players 2013-2018

3.1 Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share by Key Players 2013-2018

3.2 Global Extensometers Revenue Share by Key Players 2013-2018

3.3 Global Key Players Extensometers Key Product Model and Market Performance

3.4 Global Key Players Extensometers Key Target Consumers and Market Performance

Chapter Four Extensometers by Regions 2013-2018

4.1 Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Regions 2013-2018

4.2 Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Regions 2013-2018

4.3 Global Extensometers Price by Regions 2013-2018

4.4 North America

4.4.1 United States

4.4.2 Canada

4.5 Latin America

4.5.1 Mexico

4.5.2 Brazil

4.5.3 Argentina

4.5.4 Others in Latin America

4.6 Europe

4.6.1 Germany

4.6.2 United Kingdom

4.6.3 France

4.6.4 Italy

4.6.5 Spain

4.6.6 Russia

4.6.7 Netherland

4.6.8 Others in Europe

4.7 Asia & Pacific

4.7.1 China

4.7.2 Japan

4.7.3 India

4.7.4 Korea

4.7.5 Australia

4.7.6 Southeast Asia

4.7.6.1 Indonesia

4.7.6.2 Thailand

4.7.6.3 Philippines

4.7.6.4 Vietnam

4.7.6.5 Singapore

4.7.6.6 Malaysia

4.7.6.7 Others in Southeast Asia

4.8 Africa & Middle East

4.8.1 South Africa

4.8.2 Egypt

4.8.3 Turkey

4.8.4 Saudi Arabia

4.8.5 Iran

4.8.6 Others in Africa & Middle East

Chapter Five Extensometers Market by Product Types

5.1 Extensometers, by Working Principle 2013-2018

5.1.1 Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Working Principle 2013-2018

5.1.2 Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Working Principle 2013-2018

5.1.3 Global Extensometers Price by Working Principle 2013-2018

5.1.4 Mechanical Extensometer

5.1.5 Optical Extensometer

5.1.6 Electromagnetic Extensometer

5.2 Extensometers, by Test Type 2013-2018

5.2.1 Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Test Type 2013-2018

5.2.2 Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Test Type 2013-2018

5.2.3 Global Extensometers Price by Test Type 2013-2018

5.2.4 Flexible Deformation

5.2.5 Elastoplastic Deformation

5.2.6 Plastic Deformation

Chapter Six Global Key Players Profile

6.1 Agisco s.r.l.

6.1.1 Agisco s.r.l. Company Details and Competitors

6.1.2 Agisco s.r.l. Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.1.3 Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.1.4 Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.2 AMETEK Chatillon

6.2.1 AMETEK Chatillon Company Details and Competitors

6.2.2 AMETEK Chatillon Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.2.3 AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.2.4 AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.3 Baumer Group

6.3.1 Baumer Group Company Details and Competitors

6.3.2 Baumer Group Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.3.3 Baumer Group Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.3.4 Baumer Group Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.4 Celmi

6.4.1 Celmi Company Details and Competitors

6.4.2 Celmi Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.4.3 Celmi Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.4.4 Celmi Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.5 Dantec Dynamics A/S

6.5.1 Dantec Dynamics A/S Company Details and Competitors

6.5.2 Dantec Dynamics A/S Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.5.3 Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.5.4 Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.6 Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd

6.6.1 Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Company Details and Competitors

6.6.2 Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.6.3 Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.6.4 Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.7 EchoLAB

6.7.1 EchoLAB Company Details and Competitors

6.7.2 EchoLAB Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.7.3 EchoLAB Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.7.4 EchoLAB Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.8 Epsilon Technology

6.8.1 Epsilon Technology Company Details and Competitors

6.8.2 Epsilon Technology Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.8.3 Epsilon Technology Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.8.4 Epsilon Technology Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.9 Flintec

6.9.1 Flintec Company Details and Competitors

6.9.2 Flintec Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.9.3 Flintec Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.9.4 Flintec Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.10 GALDABINI

6.10.1 GALDABINI Company Details and Competitors

6.10.2 GALDABINI Key Extensometers Models and Performance

6.10.3 GALDABINI Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

6.10.4 GALDABINI Extensometers Sales Volume Revenue Price Cost and Gross Margin

6.11 LBGsrl

6.12 MAGTROL

6.13 Mine Design Technologies Inc.

6.14 Reliant Technology, LLC

6.15 SCAIME

6.16 SDL ATLAS

6.17 SENSY S.A.

6.18 Shenzhen WANCE Testing Machine Co., Ltd.

6.19 Sinotest Equipment Co.,Ltd

6.20 SOMMER Messtechnik GmbH

6.21 TesT GmbH

6.22 THWING-ALBERT Europe

6.23 Tinius Olsen

6.24 VPG Transducers - Vishay Precision Group

6.25 Zwick

Chapter Seven Extensometers by Appliance 2013-2018

7.1 Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Appliance 2013-2018

7.2 Research Institutes

7.3 Factory Laboratory

7.4 Others

7.5 Consuming Habit and Preference

Chapter Eight Industry Chain and Supply Chain

8.1 Extensometers Industry Chain Structure

8.1.1 R&D

8.1.2 Raw Materials (Components)

8.1.3 Manufacturing Plants

8.1.4 Regional Trading (Import Export and Local Sales)

8.1.5 Online Sales Channel

8.1.6 Offline Channel

8.1.7 End Users

8.2 Extensometers Manufacturing

8.2.1 Key Components

8.2.2 Assembly Manufacturing

8.3 Consumer Preference

8.4 Behavioral Habits

8.5 Marketing Environment

Chapter Nine Global Extensometers Market Size (Sales and Revenue) Forecast (2018-2023)

9.1 Global Extensometers Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD) Forecast (2018-2023)

9.2 Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)

9.3 Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2018-2023)

9.4 Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Working Principle (2018-2023)

9.5 Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Test Type (2018-2023)

Chapter Ten Development Trend and Research Conclusion

10.1 Development Trend

10.2 Research Conclusion

Table Global Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units), Revenue (Million USD) and Price (USD/Unit)(2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) by Key Players (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share by Key Players (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share by Key Players 2017

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share by Key Players 2018

Table Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Key Players (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Key Players (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Key Players 2017

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Key Players 2018

Table Global Key Players Key Product Model and Market Performance

Table Global Key Players Key Target Consumers and Market Performance

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Share by Regions (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Regions in 2017

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Regions in 2018

Table Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2017

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2018

Table Global Extensometers Price (USD/Unit) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table North America Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table North America Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table North America Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) by Key Players 2013-2018

Figure North America Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Latin America Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Latin America Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Latin America Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) by Key Players (2013-2018)

Figure Latin America Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Europe Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Europe Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Europe Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) by Key Players (2013-2018)

Figure Europe Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Asia & Pacific Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Asia & Pacific Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Asia & Pacific Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) by Key Players (2013-2018)

Figure Asia & Pacific Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Africa & Middle East Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Africa & Middle East Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Regions (2013-2018)

Table Africa & Middle East Extensometers Sales Volume (K Units) by Key Players (2013-2018)

Figure Africa & Middle East Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Working Principle (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Working Principle (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Working Principle in 2017

Table Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Working Principle (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Working Principle (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Working Principle in 2017

Table Global Extensometers Price (USD/Unit) by Working Principle (2013-2018)

Table Top Players of Mechanical Extensometer Extensometers Products List

Figure Global Mechanical Extensometer Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Top Players of Optical Extensometer Extensometers Products List

Figure Global Optical Extensometer Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Top Players of Electromagnetic Extensometer Extensometers Products List

Figure Global Electromagnetic Extensometer Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Test Type (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Test Type (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Test Type in 2017

Table Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by Test Type (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Test Type (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by Test Type in 2017

Table Global Extensometers Price (USD/Unit) by Test Type (2013-2018)

Table Top Players of Flexible Deformation Extensometers Products List

Figure Global Flexible Deformation Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Top Players of Elastoplastic Deformation Extensometers Products List

Figure Global Elastoplastic Deformation Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Top Players of Plastic Deformation Extensometers Products List

Figure Global Plastic Deformation Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) by (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by in 2016

Table Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by in 2016

Table Global Extensometers Price (USD/Unit) by (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) by (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by in 2016

Table Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) by (2013-2018)

Table Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue Market Share by in 2016

Table Global Extensometers Price (USD/Unit) by (2013-2018)

Table Agisco s.r.l. Company Details and Competitors

Table Agisco s.r.l. Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Agisco s.r.l. Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table AMETEK Chatillon Company Details and Competitors

Table AMETEK Chatillon Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure AMETEK Chatillon Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table Baumer Group Company Details and Competitors

Table Baumer Group Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Baumer Group Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Baumer Group Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Baumer Group Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Baumer Group Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Baumer Group Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Baumer Group Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table Celmi Company Details and Competitors

Table Celmi Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Celmi Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Celmi Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Celmi Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Celmi Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Celmi Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Celmi Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table Dantec Dynamics A/S Company Details and Competitors

Table Dantec Dynamics A/S Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Dantec Dynamics A/S Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Company Details and Competitors

Table Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Dong-A Geovan Co.,Ltd Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table EchoLAB Company Details and Competitors

Table EchoLAB Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table EchoLAB Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table EchoLAB Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure EchoLAB Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure EchoLAB Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure EchoLAB Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure EchoLAB Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table Epsilon Technology Company Details and Competitors

Table Epsilon Technology Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Epsilon Technology Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Epsilon Technology Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Epsilon Technology Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Epsilon Technology Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Epsilon Technology Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Epsilon Technology Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table Flintec Company Details and Competitors

Table Flintec Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table Flintec Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table Flintec Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Flintec Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Flintec Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure Flintec Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure Flintec Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table GALDABINI Company Details and Competitors

Table GALDABINI Key Extensometers Models and Performance

Table GALDABINI Extensometers Business SWOT Analysis and Forecast

Table GALDABINI Extensometers Output (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2013-2018)

Figure GALDABINI Extensometers Sales(Million Unit) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure GALDABINI Extensometers Sales Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Figure GALDABINI Extensometers Sales Revenue(Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2013-2018)

Figure GALDABINI Extensometers Revenue Market Share (%) in Global (2013-2018)

Table LBGsrl Company Details and Competitors

Table MAGTROL Company Details and Competitors

Table Mine Design Technologies Inc. Company Details and Competitors

Table Reliant Technology, LLC Company Details and Competitors

Table SCAIME Company Details and Competitors

Table SDL ATLAS Company Details and Competitors

Table SENSY S.A. Company Details and Competitors

Table Shenzhen WANCE Testing Machine Co., Ltd. Company Details and Competitors

Table Sinotest Equipment Co.,Ltd Company Details and Competitors

Table SOMMER Messtechnik GmbH Company Details and Competitors

Table TesT GmbH Company Details and Competitors

Table THWING-ALBERT Europe Company Details and Competitors

Table Tinius Olsen Company Details and Competitors

Table VPG Transducers - Vishay Precision Group Company Details and Competitors

Table Zwick Company Details and Competitors

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) by Appliance (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Appliance (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Market Share by Appliance in 2017

Figure Global Research Institutes Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Figure Global Factory Laboratory Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Figure Global Others Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%) Forecast (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Price (USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2018-2023)

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)

Table Global Extensometers Sales Volume Share Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Share Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Share Forecast by Regions in 2023

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Application (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Application in 2023

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Working Principle (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Working Principle (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Working Principle in 2023

Table Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Test Type (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales (K Units) Forecast by Test Type (2018-2023)

Figure Global Extensometers Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Test Type in 2023