Request for Covid-19 Impact Assessment of this Report
Production, means the output of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
Revenue, means the sales value of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
This report studies Conductive Elastomer Gasket in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with capacity, production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering
3M Company
EGC Enterprises
Parker Chomerics
Electronic Tapes
EMI Shielding Laminates
Neptco Inc.
Insulfab Inc.
Green Rubber
Kitagawa Industries
Laird Technologies
Leader Tech
Magnetic Shield Corp
Majr Products
Shieldex Trading
Stockwell Elastomerics
Swift Textile Metalizing LLC
Tdk RF Solutions Inc
TECH-ETCH INC.
Thrust Industries
Vti Vacuum Technologies
Zippertubing Co
Seleco Inc
Panashield
Mushield
Microsorb
Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with production, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Conductive Elastomer Gasket in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Southeast Asia
India
Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into
Type I
Type II
Type III
Split by application, this report focuses on consumption, market share and growth rate of Conductive Elastomer Gasket in each application, can be divided into
Automobile
Aircraft
Medical care
Appliances
Consumer products
Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Research Report 2016
1 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
1.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Conductive Elastomer Gasket by Type in 2015
1.2.2 Type I
1.2.3 Type II
1.2.4 Type III
1.3 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Segment by Application
1.3.1 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
1.3.2 Automobile
1.3.3 Aircraft
1.3.4 Medical care
1.3.5 Appliances
1.3.6 Consumer products
1.4 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market by Region
1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Conductive Elastomer Gasket (2011-2021)
2 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.3 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Average Price by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.4 Manufacturers Conductive Elastomer Gasket Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type
2.5 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.5.1 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Concentration Rate
2.5.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
3 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue (Value) by Region (2011-2016)
3.1 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.2 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.3 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.4 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.5 North America Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.6 Europe Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.7 China Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.8 Japan Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.9 Southeast Asia Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.10 India Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
4 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.1 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption by Regions (2011-2016)
4.2 North America Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.3 Europe Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.4 China Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.5 Japan Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.6 Southeast Asia Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.7 India Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
5 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type
5.1 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
5.2 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
5.3 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Price by Type (2011-2016)
5.4 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Growth by Type (2011-2016)
6 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Analysis by Application
6.1 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption and Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
6.2 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities
6.3.1 Potential Applications
6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries
7 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Manufacturers Profiles/Analysis
7.1 3M Company
7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.1.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.1.2.1 Type I
7.1.2.2 Type II
7.1.3 3M Company Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.2 EGC Enterprises
7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.2.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.2.2.1 Type I
7.2.2.2 Type II
7.2.3 EGC Enterprises Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.3 Parker Chomerics
7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.3.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.3.2.1 Type I
7.3.2.2 Type II
7.3.3 Parker Chomerics Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.4 Electronic Tapes
7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.4.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.4.2.1 Type I
7.4.2.2 Type II
7.4.3 Electronic Tapes Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.5 EMI Shielding Laminates
7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.5.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.5.2.1 Type I
7.5.2.2 Type II
7.5.3 EMI Shielding Laminates Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.6 Neptco Inc.
7.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.6.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.6.2.1 Type I
7.6.2.2 Type II
7.6.3 Neptco Inc. Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.7 Insulfab Inc.
7.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.7.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.7.2.1 Type I
7.7.2.2 Type II
7.7.3 Insulfab Inc. Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.8 Green Rubber
7.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.8.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.8.2.1 Type I
7.8.2.2 Type II
7.8.3 Green Rubber Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.9 Kitagawa Industries
7.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.9.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.9.2.1 Type I
7.9.2.2 Type II
7.9.3 Kitagawa Industries Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.10 Laird Technologies
7.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
7.10.2 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type, Application and Specification
7.10.2.1 Type I
7.10.2.2 Type II
7.10.3 Laird Technologies Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
7.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.11 Leader Tech
7.12 Magnetic Shield Corp
7.13 Majr Products
7.14 Shieldex Trading
7.15 Stockwell Elastomerics
7.16 Swift Textile Metalizing LLC
7.17 Tdk RF Solutions Inc
7.18 TECH-ETCH INC.
7.19 Thrust Industries
7.20 Vti Vacuum Technologies
7.21 Zippertubing Co
7.22 Seleco Inc
7.23 Panashield
7.24 Mushield
7.25 Microsorb
8 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Manufacturing Cost Analysis
8.1 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Key Raw Materials Analysis
8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
8.2.1 Raw Materials
8.2.2 Labor Cost
8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
9.1 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Industrial Chain Analysis
9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Conductive Elastomer Gasket Major Manufacturers in 2015
9.4 Downstream Buyers
10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
11 Market Effect Factors Analysis
11.1 Technology Progress/Risk
11.1.1 Substitutes Threat
11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change
12 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Forecast (2016-2021)
12.1 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue Forecast (2016-2021)
12.2 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
12.3 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
12.4 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Forecast by Application (2016-2021)
12.5 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Price Forecast (2016-2021)
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
14 Appendix
Author List
Disclosure Section
Research Methodology
Data Source
China Disclaimer
Figure Picture of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
Figure Global Production Market Share of Conductive Elastomer Gasket by Type in 2015
Figure Product Picture of Type I
Table Major Manufacturers of Type I
Figure Product Picture of Type II
Table Major Manufacturers of Type II
Figure Product Picture of Type III
Table Major Manufacturers of Type III
Table Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Figure Automobile Examples
Figure Aircraft Examples
Figure Medical care Examples
Figure Appliances Examples
Figure Consumer products Examples
Figure North America Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure China Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Japan Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Southeast Asia Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure India Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Conductive Elastomer Gasket Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Market Conductive Elastomer Gasket Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Table Manufacturers Conductive Elastomer Gasket Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Conductive Elastomer Gasket Product Type
Figure Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table 2015 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table North America Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Europe Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table China Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Japan Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table India Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Europe Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table China Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Japan Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table India Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Production Market Share of Conductive Elastomer Gasket by Type (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Conductive Elastomer Gasket by Type
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Conductive Elastomer Gasket by Type (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Conductive Elastomer Gasket by Type
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Price by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Growth by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption by Application (2011-2016)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Table 3M Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 3M Company Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure 3M Company Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table EGC Enterprises Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table EGC Enterprises Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure EGC Enterprises Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Parker Chomerics Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Parker Chomerics Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Parker Chomerics Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Electronic Tapes Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Electronic Tapes Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Electronic Tapes Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table EMI Shielding Laminates Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table EMI Shielding Laminates Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure EMI Shielding Laminates Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Neptco Inc. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Neptco Inc. Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Neptco Inc. Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Insulfab Inc. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Insulfab Inc. Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Insulfab Inc. Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Green Rubber Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Green Rubber Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Green Rubber Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Kitagawa Industries Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Kitagawa Industries Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Kitagawa Industries Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Laird Technologies Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Laird Technologies Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Laird Technologies Conductive Elastomer Gasket Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
Figure Conductive Elastomer Gasket Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Conductive Elastomer Gasket Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Conductive Elastomer Gasket
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Capacity, Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Production Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
Table Global Conductive Elastomer Gasket Consumption Forecast by Application (2016-2021)
Photonic Crystals are attractive optical materials for controlling and manipulating the flow of light. The global market for components and modules using Photonic Crystals indicates a CAGR of 33.1% and is estimated to reach $20.4 billion in 2017.
Nanomaterials possess nanoscale dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. They occur naturally or can be engineered with specific properties such as size, shape, surface, and chemistry. Volcanic ash and forest fibers are some of the examples of natural nano...
Global molded plastics market was valued at $529,845 million in 2016, and is expected to garner $690,158 million by 2023, registering a CAGR of 3.9% from 2017 to 2023. Molded plastics are synthetically produced non-metallic compounds, which can be molded ...