Global Airborne Telemetry Market Research Report 2017

Global Airborne Telemetry Market Research Report 2017

1 Airborne Telemetry Market Overview

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Airborne Telemetry

1.2 Airborne Telemetry Segment by Type (Product Category)

1.2.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Production and CAGR (%) Comparison by Type (Product Category)(2012-2022)

1.2.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016

1.2.3 Receiver

1.2.4 Transmitter

1.2.5 Antenna

1.3 Global Airborne Telemetry Segment by Application

1.3.1 Airborne Telemetry Consumption (Sales) Comparison by Application (2012-2022)

1.3.2 Commercial Aviation

1.3.3 Military Aviation

1.3.4 Others

1.4 Global Airborne Telemetry Market by Region (2012-2022)

1.4.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Market Size (Value) and CAGR (%) Comparison by Region (2012-2022)

1.4.2 North America Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.3 Europe Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.4 China Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.5 Japan Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.6 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.7 India Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Airborne Telemetry (2012-2022)

1.5.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Status and Outlook (2012-2022)

1.5.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production Status and Outlook (2012-2022)

2 Global Airborne Telemetry Market Competition by Manufacturers

2.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production and Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.1.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity and Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.1.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Production and Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.3 Global Airborne Telemetry Average Price by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.4 Manufacturers Airborne Telemetry Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type

2.5 Airborne Telemetry Market Competitive Situation and Trends

2.5.1 Airborne Telemetry Market Concentration Rate

2.5.2 Airborne Telemetry Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers

2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue (Value) by Region (2012-2017)

3.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

3.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Production and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

3.3 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

3.4 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

3.5 North America Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

3.6 Europe Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

3.7 China Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

3.8 Japan Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

3.9 Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

3.10 India Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

4 Global Airborne Telemetry Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Region (2012-2017)

4.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption by Region (2012-2017)

4.2 North America Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

4.3 Europe Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

4.4 China Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

4.5 Japan Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

4.6 Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

4.7 India Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

5 Global Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type

5.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Production and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

5.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

5.3 Global Airborne Telemetry Price by Type (2012-2017)

5.4 Global Airborne Telemetry Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)

6 Global Airborne Telemetry Market Analysis by Application

6.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

6.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)

6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6.3.1 Potential Applications

6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

7 Global Airborne Telemetry Manufacturers Profiles/Analysis

7.1 BAE Systems (U.K.)

7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

7.1.2 Airborne Telemetry Product Category, Application and Specification

7.1.2.1 Product A

7.1.2.2 Product B

7.1.3 BAE Systems (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7.2 Rockwell Collins(U.S.)

7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

7.2.2 Airborne Telemetry Product Category, Application and Specification

7.2.2.1 Product A

7.2.2.2 Product B

7.2.3 Rockwell Collins(U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7.3 Honeywell International (U.S.)

7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

7.3.2 Airborne Telemetry Product Category, Application and Specification

7.3.2.1 Product A

7.3.2.2 Product B

7.3.3 Honeywell International (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7.4 L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.)

7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

7.4.2 Airborne Telemetry Product Category, Application and Specification

7.4.2.1 Product A

7.4.2.2 Product B

7.4.3 L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7.5 Cobham (U.K.)

7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

7.5.2 Airborne Telemetry Product Category, Application and Specification

7.5.2.1 Product A

7.5.2.2 Product B

7.5.3 Cobham (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview

...

8 Airborne Telemetry Manufacturing Cost Analysis

8.1 Airborne Telemetry Key Raw Materials Analysis

8.1.1 Key Raw Materials

8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials

8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure

8.2.1 Raw Materials

8.2.2 Labor Cost

8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses

8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Airborne Telemetry

9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

9.1 Airborne Telemetry Industrial Chain Analysis

9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing

9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Airborne Telemetry Major Manufacturers in 2015

9.4 Downstream Buyers

10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

10.1 Marketing Channel

10.1.1 Direct Marketing

10.1.2 Indirect Marketing

10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend

10.2 Market Positioning

10.2.1 Pricing Strategy

10.2.2 Brand Strategy

10.2.3 Target Client

10.3 Distributors/Traders List

11 Market Effect Factors Analysis

11.1 Technology Progress/Risk

11.1.1 Substitutes Threat

11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry

11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change

11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

12 Global Airborne Telemetry Market Forecast (2017-2022)

12.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production, Revenue Forecast (2017-2022)

12.1.1 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

12.1.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

12.1.3 Global Airborne Telemetry Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)

12.2 Global Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption , Import and Export Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

12.2.1 North America Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)

12.2.2 Europe Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)

12.2.3 China Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)

12.2.4 Japan Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)

12.2.5 Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)

12.2.6 India Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)

12.3 Global Airborne Telemetry Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

12.4 Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

13 Research Findings and Conclusion

14 Appendix

14.1 Methodology/Research Approach

14.1.1 Research Programs/Design

14.1.2 Market Size Estimation

14.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation

14.2 Data Source

14.2.1 Secondary Sources

14.2.2 Primary Sources

14.3 Disclaimer

Figure Picture of Airborne Telemetry

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and CAGR (%) Comparison by Types (Product Category) (2012-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share by Types (Product Category) in 2016

Figure Product Picture of Receiver

Table Major Manufacturers of Receiver

Figure Product Picture of Transmitter

Table Major Manufacturers of Transmitter

Figure Product Picture of Antenna

Table Major Manufacturers of Antenna

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) by Applications (2012-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share by Applications in 2016

Figure Commercial Aviation Examples

Table Key Downstream Customer in Commercial Aviation

Figure Military Aviation Examples

Table Key Downstream Customer in Military Aviation

Figure Others Examples

Table Key Downstream Customer in Others

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Market Size (Million USD), Comparison (K Units) and CAGR (%) by Regions (2012-2022)

Figure North America Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Europe Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure China Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Japan Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure India Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) Status and Outlook (2012-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units) Status and Outlook (2012-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Major Players Product Capacity (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in 2016

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in 2017

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Major Players Product Production (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) of Key Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Figure 2016 Airborne Telemetry Production Share by Manufacturers

Figure 2017 Airborne Telemetry Production Share by Manufacturers

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table 2016 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table 2017 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table Global Market Airborne Telemetry Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Figure Global Market Airborne Telemetry Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers in 2016

Table Manufacturers Airborne Telemetry Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area

Table Manufacturers Airborne Telemetry Product Category

Figure Airborne Telemetry Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers

Figure Airborne Telemetry Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity (K Units) by Region (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Figure 2016 Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity Market Share by Region

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production by Region (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) by Region (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Figure 2016 Global Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share by Region

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) by Region (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Table 2016 Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share by Region

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units) and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table North America Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Europe Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table China Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Japan Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table India Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) Market by Region (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share by Region (2012-2017)

Figure 2016 Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) Market Share by Region

Table North America Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Import & Export (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table Europe Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Import & Export (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table China Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Import & Export (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table Japan Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Import & Export (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Import & Export (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table India Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Import & Export (K Units) (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Production Market Share of Airborne Telemetry by Type (2012-2017)

Figure 2016 Production Market Share of Airborne Telemetry by Type

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Production Revenue Share of Airborne Telemetry by Type (2012-2017)

Figure 2016 Revenue Market Share of Airborne Telemetry by Type

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) by Application (2012-2017)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share by Applications (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)

Table BAE Systems (U.K.) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table BAE Systems (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure BAE Systems (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Production Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure BAE Systems (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share (2012-2017)

Figure BAE Systems (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Rockwell Collins(U.S.) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table Rockwell Collins(U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Rockwell Collins(U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Production Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Rockwell Collins(U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share (2012-2017)

Figure Rockwell Collins(U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Honeywell International (U.S.) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table Honeywell International (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Honeywell International (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Production Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Honeywell International (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share (2012-2017)

Figure Honeywell International (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share (2012-2017)

Table L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Production Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share (2012-2017)

Figure L-3 Communications Holdings (U.S.) Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Cobham (U.K.) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors

Table Cobham (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Cobham (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Production Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Cobham (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share (2012-2017)

Figure Cobham (U.K.) Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material

Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Airborne Telemetry

Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Airborne Telemetry

Figure Airborne Telemetry Industrial Chain Analysis

Table Raw Materials Sources of Airborne Telemetry Major Manufacturers in 2016

Table Major Buyers of Airborne Telemetry

Table Distributors/Traders List

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Capacity, Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Price (Million USD) and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption Market Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

Figure North America Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure North America Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table North America Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export and Import (K Units) Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Europe Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Europe Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Europe Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export and Import (K Units) Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure China Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure China Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table China Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export and Import (K Units) Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Japan Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Japan Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Japan Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export and Import (K Units) Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Southeast Asia Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export and Import (K Units) Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure India Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure India Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table India Airborne Telemetry Production, Consumption, Export and Import (K Units) Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Production (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

Figure Global Airborne Telemetry Consumption (K Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

Table Research Programs/Design for This Report

Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report

Figure Data Triangulation

Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources

Table Key Data Information from Primary Source