Request for Covid-19 Impact Assessment of this Report
Sales, means the sales volume of Laminate Boards
Revenue, means the sales value of Laminate Boards
This report studies sales (consumption) of Laminate Boards in Europe market, especially in Germany, France, UK, Russia, Italy, Spain and Benelux, focuses on top players in these countries, with sales, price, revenue and market share for each player in these Countries, covering
MG Chemicals
The Gund Compang
MR PEEL
Cut To Size Technology
Morland
My White Borads
Starbank Panel Products Ltd
Tarkett
Cutting Boards
Presco
TIMBMET
Masons Timber Products
Armstrong Ceilings
Pulsar
Market Segment by Countries, this report splits Europe into several key Countries, with sales (consumption), revenue, market share and growth rate of Laminate Boards in these countries, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like
Germany
France
UK
Russia
Italy
Spain
Benelux
Split by product type, with sales, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into
Type I
Type II
Split by application, this report focuses on sales, market share and growth rate of Laminate Boards in each application, can be divided into
Application 1
Application 2
Europe Laminate Boards Market Report 2017
1 Laminate Boards Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Laminate Boards
1.2 Classification of Laminate Boards
1.2.1 Type I
1.2.2 Type II
1.3 Application of Laminate Boards
1.3.1 Application 1
1.3.2 Application 2
1.4 Laminate Boards Market by Countries
1.4.1 Germany Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.2 France Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.3 UK Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.4 Russia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.5 Italy Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.6 Spain Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.4.7 Benelux Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Laminate Boards (2012-2022)
1.5.1 Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
1.5.2 Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
2 Europe Laminate Boards by Manufacturers, Type and Application
2.1 Europe Laminate Boards Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1.1 Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.1.2 Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Europe Laminate Boards (Volume and Value) by Type
2.2.1 Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
2.2.2 Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
2.3 Europe Laminate Boards (Volume and Value) by Countries
2.3.1 Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
2.3.2 Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
2.4 Europe Laminate Boards (Volume) by Application
3 Germany Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
3.1 Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
3.1.1 Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
3.1.2 Germany Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
3.1.3 Germany Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
3.2 Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
3.3 Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
3.4 Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
4 France Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
4.1 France Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
4.1.1 France Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
4.1.2 France Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
4.1.4 France Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
4.2 France Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
4.3 France Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
4.4 France Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
5 UK Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
5.1 UK Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
5.1.1 UK Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
5.1.2 UK Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
5.1.5 UK Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
5.2 UK Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
5.3 UK Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
5.4 UK Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
6 Russia Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
6.1 Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
6.1.1 Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
6.1.2 Russia Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
6.1.6 Russia Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
6.2 Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
7 Italy Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
7.1 Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
7.1.1 Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
7.1.2 Italy Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
7.1.7 Italy Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
7.2 Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
8 Spain Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
8.1 Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
8.1.1 Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
8.1.2 Spain Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
8.1.8 Spain Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
8.2 Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
9 Benelux Laminate Boards (Volume, Value and Sales Price)
9.1 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Value (2012-2017)
9.1.1 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
9.1.2 Benelux Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
9.1.9 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
9.2 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
9.3 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type
9.4 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application
10 Europe Laminate Boards Manufacturers Analysis
10.1 MG Chemicals
10.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.1.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.1.2.1 Product A
10.1.2.2 Product B
10.1.3 MG Chemicals Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.2 The Gund Compang
10.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.2.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.2.2.1 Product A
10.2.2.2 Product B
10.2.3 The Gund Compang Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.3 MR PEEL
10.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.3.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.3.2.1 Product A
10.3.2.2 Product B
10.3.3 MR PEEL Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.4 Cut To Size Technology
10.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.4.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.4.2.1 Product A
10.4.2.2 Product B
10.4.3 Cut To Size Technology Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.5 Morland
10.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.5.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.5.2.1 Product A
10.5.2.2 Product B
10.5.3 Morland Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.6 My White Borads
10.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.6.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.6.2.1 Product A
10.6.2.2 Product B
10.6.3 My White Borads Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.7 Starbank Panel Products Ltd
10.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.7.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.7.2.1 Product A
10.7.2.2 Product B
10.7.3 Starbank Panel Products Ltd Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.8 Tarkett
10.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.8.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.8.2.1 Product A
10.8.2.2 Product B
10.8.3 Tarkett Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.9 Cutting Boards
10.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.9.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.9.2.1 Product A
10.9.2.2 Product B
10.9.3 Cutting Boards Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.10 Presco
10.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
10.10.2 Laminate Boards Product Type, Application and Specification
10.10.2.1 Product A
10.10.2.2 Product B
10.10.3 Presco Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
10.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.11 TIMBMET
10.12 Masons Timber Products
10.13 Armstrong Ceilings
10.14 Pulsar
11 Laminate Boards Manufacturing Cost Analysis
11.1 Laminate Boards Key Raw Materials Analysis
11.1.1 Key Raw Materials
11.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
11.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
11.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
11.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
11.2.1 Raw Materials
11.2.2 Labor Cost
11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
11.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Laminate Boards
12 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
12.1 Laminate Boards Industrial Chain Analysis
12.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
12.3 Raw Materials Sources of Laminate Boards Major Manufacturers in 2015
12.4 Downstream Buyers
13 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
13.1 Marketing Channel
13.1.1 Direct Marketing
13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
13.2 Market Positioning
13.2.1 Pricing Strategy
13.2.2 Brand Strategy
13.2.3 Target Client
13.3 Distributors/Traders List
14 Europe Laminate Boards Market Forecast (2017-2022)
14.1 Germany Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.2 France Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.3 UK Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.4 Russia Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.5 Italy Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.6 Spain Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.7 Benelux Laminate Boards Sales Forecast (2017-2022)
14.8 Europe Laminate Boards Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
14.9 Europe Laminate Boards Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
Methodology
Analyst Introduction
Data Source
Figure Picture of Laminate Boards
Table Classification of Laminate Boards
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Laminate Boards by Type in 2015
Figure Type I Picture
Figure Type II Picture
Table Application of Laminate Boards
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Laminate Boards by Application in 2015
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure Germany Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure France Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure UK Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Russia Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Italy Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Spain Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Benelux Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Laminate Boards Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Laminate Boards Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Laminate Boards Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Europe Laminate Boards Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Laminate Boards Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Laminate Boards by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Laminate Boards Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Laminate Boards by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Laminate Boards Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Laminate Boards by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Revenue Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Laminate Boards by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Laminate Boards by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Germany Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure France Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table France Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table France Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure UK Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table UK Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Russia Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Italy Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Spain Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Laminate Boards Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Benelux Laminate Boards Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Laminate Boards Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Laminate Boards Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Laminate Boards Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Laminate Boards Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Laminate Boards Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Laminate Boards Basic Information List
Table MG Chemicals Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure MG Chemicals Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table The Gund Compang Basic Information List
Table The Gund Compang Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table The Gund Compang Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table MR PEEL Basic Information List
Table MR PEEL Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table MR PEEL Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Cut To Size Technology Basic Information List
Table Cut To Size Technology Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Cut To Size Technology Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Morland Basic Information List
Table Morland Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Morland Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table My White Borads Basic Information List
Table My White Borads Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table My White Borads Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Starbank Panel Products Ltd Basic Information List
Table Starbank Panel Products Ltd Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Starbank Panel Products Ltd Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Tarkett Basic Information List
Table Tarkett Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Tarkett Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Cutting Boards Basic Information List
Table Cutting Boards Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Cutting Boards Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Presco Basic Information List
Table Presco Laminate Boards Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Presco Laminate Boards Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table TIMBMET Basic Information List
Table Masons Timber Products Basic Information List
Table Armstrong Ceilings Basic Information List
Table Pulsar Basic Information List
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Laminate Boards
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Laminate Boards
Figure Laminate Boards Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Laminate Boards Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Laminate Boards
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Germany Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Germany Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure France Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure France Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure UK Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure UK Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Russia Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Russia Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Italy Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Italy Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Spain Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Spain Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Benelux Laminate Boards Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Benelux Laminate Boards Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Europe Laminate Boards Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
The global industrial production output has plummeted in the recent years. The industrial robots have witnessed sluggish demand in conventional industries such as automobiles and heavy engineering. However, increased need for automation in non-conventiona...
Micro irrigation systems are useful to supply water at frequent intervals above and below the soil’s surface. It is also known as low-volume irrigation and delivers water to the roots of the plants. Micro irrigati...
The global waste management market was valued at $285.0 billion in 2016, and is expected to reach $435.0 billion by 2023, registering a CAGR of 6.2% from 2017 to 2023. Waste management is collection, transportation, and disposable of garbage, sewage, and ...