Europe Industrial Abrasives Market Report 2021

1 Industrial Abrasives Overview

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Industrial Abrasives

1.2 Classification of Industrial Abrasives

1.2.1 Nonmetallic and Metallic Abrasives

1.2.2 Natural and Synthetic Abrasives

1.2.3 Type III

1.3 Applications of Industrial Abrasives

1.3.1 END-USE APPLICATIONS

1.3.2 Forms of Abrasives and Applications

1.3.3 Machinery Applications

1.3.4 Electrical & Electronic Applications

1.3.5 Metal Fabrication

1.3.6 Transportation Applications

1.4 Industrial Abrasives Market by Regions

1.4.1 Germany Status and Prospect (2011-2021)

1.4.2 France Status and Prospect (2011-2021)

1.4.3 UK Status and Prospect (2011-2021)

1.4.4 Italy Status and Prospect (2011-2021)

1.4.5 Spain Status and Prospect (2011-2021)

1.4.6 Russia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)

1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Industrial Abrasives (2011-2021)

1.5.1 Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue and Price (2011-2021)

1.5.2 Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

1.5.3 Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

2 Europe Industrial Abrasives by Manufacturers, Type and Application

2.1 Europe Industrial Abrasives Market Competition by Manufacturers

2.1.1 Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

2.1.2 Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

2.2 Europe Industrial Abrasives (Volume and Value) by Type

2.2.1 Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)

2.2.2 Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)

2.3 Europe Industrial Abrasives (Volume and Value) by Regions

2.3.1 Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)

2.3.2 Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)

2.4 Europe Industrial Abrasives (Volume) by Application

3 Germany Industrial Abrasives (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

3.1 Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales and Value (2011-2021)

3.1.1 Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

3.1.2 Germany Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

3.1.3 Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

3.2 Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

3.3 Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type

3.4 Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Applications

4 UK Industrial Abrasives (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

4.1 UK Industrial Abrasives Sales and Value (2011-2021)

4.1.1 UK Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

4.1.2 UK Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

4.1.3 UK Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

4.2 UK Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

4.3 UK Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type

4.4 UK Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Applications

5 France Industrial Abrasives (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

5.1 France Industrial Abrasives Sales and Value (2011-2021)

5.1.1 France Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

5.1.2 France Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

5.1.3 France Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

5.2 France Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

5.3 France Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type

5.4 France Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Applications

6 Italy Industrial Abrasives (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

6.1 Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales and Value (2011-2021)

6.1.1 Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

6.1.2 Italy Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

6.1.3 Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

6.2 Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

6.3 Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type

6.4 Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Applications

7 Russia Industrial Abrasives (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

7.1 Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales and Value (2011-2021)

7.1.1 Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

7.1.2 Russia Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

7.1.3 Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

7.2 Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

7.3 Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type

7.4 Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Applications

8 Spain Industrial Abrasives (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

8.1 Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales and Value (2011-2021)

8.1.1 Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

8.1.2 Spain Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

8.1.3 Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

8.2 Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

8.3 Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type

8.4 Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Applications

9 Europe Industrial Abrasives Manufacturers Analysis

9.1 3M Company

9.1.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.1.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.1.2.1 Type I

9.1.2.2 Type II

9.1.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of 3M Company (2015 and 2016)

9.2 A.A. Abrasivos Argentinos S.A.I.Y C.

9.2.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.2.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.2.2.1 Type I

9.2.2.2 Type II

9.2.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of A.A. Abrasivos Argentinos S.A.I.Y C. (2015 and 2016)

9.3 Almatis GmbH

9.3.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.3.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.3.2.1 Type I

9.3.2.2 Type II

9.3.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Almatis GmbH (2015 and 2016)

9.4 Almatis, Inc.

9.4.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.4.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.4.2.1 Type I

9.4.2.2 Type II

9.4.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Almatis, Inc. (2015 and 2016)

9.5 Asahi Diamond Industrial Co Ltd

9.5.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.5.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.5.2.1 Type I

9.5.2.2 Type II

9.5.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Asahi Diamond Industrial Co Ltd (2015 and 2016)

9.6 Avery Abrasives, Inc

9.6.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.6.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.6.2.1 Type I

9.6.2.2 Type II

9.6.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Avery Abrasives, Inc (2015 and 2016)

9.7 Barton International

9.7.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.7.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.7.2.1 Type I

9.7.2.2 Type II

9.7.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Barton International (2015 and 2016)

9.8 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation

9.8.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.8.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.8.2.1 Type I

9.8.2.2 Type II

9.8.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Cabot Microelectronics Corporation (2015 and 2016)

9.9 Calumet Abrasives

9.9.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.9.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.9.2.1 Type I

9.9.2.2 Type II

9.9.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Calumet Abrasives (2015 and 2016)

9.10 Carborundum Universal Limited

9.10.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.10.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.10.2.1 Type I

9.10.2.2 Type II

9.10.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Carborundum Universal Limited (2015 and 2016)

9.11 Ceradyne, Inc

9.11.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.11.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.11.2.1 Type I

9.11.2.2 Type II

9.11.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Ceradyne, Inc (2015 and 2016)

9.12 Compagnie De Saint-Gobain

9.12.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.12.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.12.2.1 Type I

9.12.2.2 Type II

9.12.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Compagnie De Saint-Gobain (2015 and 2016)

9.13 Deerfos Co Ltd

9.13.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.13.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.13.2.1 Type I

9.13.2.2 Type II

9.13.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Deerfos Co Ltd (2015 and 2016)

9.14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company

9.14.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.14.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.14.2.1 Type I

9.14.2.2 Type II

9.14.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company (2015 and 2016)

9.15 Elfusa

9.15.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.15.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.15.2.1 Type I

9.15.2.2 Type II

9.15.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Elfusa (2015 and 2016)

9.16 ESK Ceramics GmbH & Co. KG

9.16.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.16.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.16.2.1 Type I

9.16.2.2 Type II

9.16.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of ESK Ceramics GmbH & Co. KG (2015 and 2016)

9.17 Fujimi Inc.

9.17.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.17.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.17.2.1 Type I

9.17.2.2 Type II

9.17.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Fujimi Inc. (2015 and 2016)

9.18 Global Material Technologies Inc.

9.18.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.18.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.18.2.1 Type I

9.18.2.2 Type II

9.18.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Global Material Technologies Inc. (2015 and 2016)

9.19 Grindwell Norton Ltd.

9.19.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.19.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.19.2.1 Type I

9.19.2.2 Type II

9.19.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Grindwell Norton Ltd. (2015 and 2016)

9.20 H.C. Starck GmbH

9.20.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.20.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.20.2.1 Type I

9.20.2.2 Type II

9.20.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of H.C. Starck GmbH (2015 and 2016)

9.21 Henkel AG & Company KGaA

9.21.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.21.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.21.2.1 Type I

9.21.2.2 Type II

9.21.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Henkel AG & Company KGaA (2015 and 2016)

9.22 Hermes Abrasives Ltd.

9.22.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.22.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.22.2.1 Type I

9.22.2.2 Type II

9.22.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Hermes Abrasives Ltd. (2015 and 2016)

9.23 Hermes Schleifmittel Gmbh & Co. KG

9.23.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.23.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.23.2.1 Type I

9.23.2.2 Type II

9.23.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Hermes Schleifmittel Gmbh & Co. KG (2015 and 2016)

9.24 Hodge Clemco Ltd

9.24.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.24.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.24.2.1 Type I

9.24.2.2 Type II

9.24.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Hodge Clemco Ltd (2015 and 2016)

9.25 Imerys SA

9.25.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.25.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.25.2.1 Type I

9.25.2.2 Type II

9.25.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Imerys SA (2015 and 2016)

9.26 Jiangsu Sanling Abrasive Co., Ltd

9.26.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.26.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.26.2.1 Type I

9.26.2.2 Type II

9.26.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Jiangsu Sanling Abrasive Co., Ltd (2015 and 2016)

9.27 KINIK Company Limited

9.27.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.27.2 Industrial Abrasives Product Type and Technology

9.27.2.1 Type I

9.27.2.2 Type II

9.27.3 Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of KINIK Company Limited (2015 and 2016)

10 Industrial Abrasives Technology and Development Trend

10.1 Industrial Abrasives Technology Analysis

10.2 Industrial Abrasives Technology Development Trend

11 Research Findings and Conclusion

Figure Picture of Industrial Abrasives

Table Classification of Industrial Abrasives

Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Types in 2015

Figure Nonmetallic and Metallic Abrasives Picture

Figure Natural and Synthetic Abrasives Picture

Table Applications of Industrial Abrasives

Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Applications in 2015

Figure END-USE APPLICATIONS Examples

Figure Forms of Abrasives and Applications Examples

Figure Machinery Applications Examples

Figure Electrical & Electronic Applications Examples

Figure Metal Fabrication Examples

Figure Transportation Applications Examples

Figure Germany Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure France Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure UK Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Italy Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Spain Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Russia Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue and Price (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Figure 2015 Industrial Abrasives Sales Share by Manufacturers

Figure 2016 Industrial Abrasives Sales Share by Manufacturers

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table 2015 Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table 2016 Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Share by Type (2011-2021)

Figure Sales Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Type (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Growth Rate by Type (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Share by Type (2011-2021)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Type (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Share by Regions (2011-2021)

Figure Sales Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Regions (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Share by Regions (2011-2021)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Regions (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Revenue Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales and Market Share by Application (2011-2021)

Table Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Share by Application (2011-2021)

Figure Sales Market Share of Industrial Abrasives by Application (2011-2021)

Figure Europe Industrial Abrasives Sales Growth Rate by Application (2011-2021)

Figure Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Germany Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

Table Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Industrial Abrasives Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Figure UK Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure UK Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure UK Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

Table UK Industrial Abrasives Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Industrial Abrasives Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Industrial Abrasives Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Figure France Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure France Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure France Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

Table France Industrial Abrasives Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table France Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table France Industrial Abrasives Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table France Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table France Industrial Abrasives Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table France Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Figure Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Italy Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

Table Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Industrial Abrasives Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Figure Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Russia Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

Table Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Industrial Abrasives Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Figure Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Spain Industrial Abrasives Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

Figure Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)

Table Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Industrial Abrasives Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Industrial Abrasives Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)

Table 3M Company Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of 3M Company (2015 and 2016)

Table A.A. Abrasivos Argentinos S.A.I.Y C. Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of A.A. Abrasivos Argentinos S.A.I.Y C. (2015 and 2016)

Table Almatis GmbH Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Almatis GmbH (2015 and 2016)

Table Almatis, Inc. Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Almatis, Inc. (2015 and 2016)

Table Asahi Diamond Industrial Co Ltd Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Asahi Diamond Industrial Co Ltd (2015 and 2016)

Table Avery Abrasives, Inc Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Avery Abrasives, Inc (2015 and 2016)

Table Barton International Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Barton International (2015 and 2016)

Table Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Cabot Microelectronics Corporation (2015 and 2016)

Table Calumet Abrasives Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Calumet Abrasives (2015 and 2016)

Table Carborundum Universal Limited Basic Information List

Table Industrial Abrasives Sales, Revenue, Price of Carborundum Universal Limited (2015 and 2016)