Europe Carpet Washing Machines Market Report 2017

Europe Carpet Washing Machines Market Report 2017

1 Carpet Washing Machines Overview

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Carpet Washing Machines

1.2 Classification of Carpet Washing Machines

1.2.1 Type I

1.2.2 Type II

1.3 Application of Carpet Washing Machines

1.3.1 Application 1

1.3.2 Application 2

1.4 Carpet Washing Machines Market by Countries

1.4.1 Germany Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.2 France Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.3 UK Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.4 Russia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.5 Italy Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.6 Spain Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.7 Benelux Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Carpet Washing Machines (2012-2022)

1.5.1 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

1.5.2 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 Europe Carpet Washing Machines by Manufacturers, Type and Application

2.1 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Market Competition by Manufacturers

2.1.1 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

2.1.2 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

2.2 Europe Carpet Washing Machines (Volume and Value) by Type

2.2.1 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

2.2.2 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

2.3 Europe Carpet Washing Machines (Volume and Value) by Countries

2.3.1 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

2.3.2 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

2.4 Europe Carpet Washing Machines (Volume) by Application

3 Germany Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

3.1 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

3.1.1 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

3.1.2 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

3.1.3 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

3.2 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

3.3 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

3.4 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

4 France Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

4.1 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

4.1.1 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

4.1.2 France Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

4.1.4 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

4.2 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

4.3 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

4.4 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

5 UK Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

5.1 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

5.1.1 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

5.1.2 UK Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

5.1.5 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

5.2 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

5.3 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

5.4 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

6 Russia Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

6.1 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

6.1.1 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

6.1.2 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

6.1.6 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

6.2 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

6.3 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

6.4 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

7 Italy Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

7.1 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

7.1.1 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

7.1.2 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

7.1.7 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

7.2 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

7.3 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

7.4 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

8 Spain Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

8.1 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

8.1.1 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

8.1.2 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

8.1.8 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

8.2 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

8.3 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

8.4 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

9 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

9.1 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Value (2012-2017)

9.1.1 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

9.1.2 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

9.1.9 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

9.2 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

9.3 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type

9.4 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application

10 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Manufacturers Analysis

10.1 Whirlpool

10.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.1.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.1.2.1 Product A

10.1.2.2 Product B

10.1.3 Whirlpool Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.2 LG

10.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.2.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.2.2.1 Product A

10.2.2.2 Product B

10.2.3 LG Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.3 Electrolux

10.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.3.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.3.2.1 Product A

10.3.2.2 Product B

10.3.3 Electrolux Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.4 Samsung

10.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.4.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.4.2.1 Product A

10.4.2.2 Product B

10.4.3 Samsung Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.5 Panasonic

10.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.5.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.5.2.1 Product A

10.5.2.2 Product B

10.5.3 Panasonic Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.6 Toshiba

10.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.6.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.6.2.1 Product A

10.6.2.2 Product B

10.6.3 Toshiba Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.7 Hitachi

10.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.7.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.7.2.1 Product A

10.7.2.2 Product B

10.7.3 Hitachi Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.8 Sharp

10.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.8.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.8.2.1 Product A

10.8.2.2 Product B

10.8.3 Sharp Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.9 GE

10.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.9.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.9.2.1 Product A

10.9.2.2 Product B

10.9.3 GE Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.10 Bosch

10.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.10.2 Carpet Washing Machines Product Type, Application and Specification

10.10.2.1 Product A

10.10.2.2 Product B

10.10.3 Bosch Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.11 Haier

10.12 Midea

10.13 Qishuai

10.14 Little Duck

10.15 Aucma

11 Carpet Washing Machines Manufacturing Cost Analysis

11.1 Carpet Washing Machines Key Raw Materials Analysis

11.1.1 Key Raw Materials

11.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

11.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

11.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials

11.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure

11.2.1 Raw Materials

11.2.2 Labor Cost

11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses

11.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Carpet Washing Machines

12 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

12.1 Carpet Washing Machines Industrial Chain Analysis

12.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing

12.3 Raw Materials Sources of Carpet Washing Machines Major Manufacturers in 2015

12.4 Downstream Buyers

13 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

13.1 Marketing Channel

13.1.1 Direct Marketing

13.1.2 Indirect Marketing

13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend

13.2 Market Positioning

13.2.1 Pricing Strategy

13.2.2 Brand Strategy

13.2.3 Target Client

13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Market Forecast (2017-2022)

14.1 Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2 France Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.3 UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.4 Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.5 Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.6 Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.7 Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.8 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

14.9 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

15 Research Findings and Conclusion

16 Appendix

Methodology

Analyst Introduction

Data Source

Figure Picture of Carpet Washing Machines

Table Classification of Carpet Washing Machines

Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Type in 2015

Figure Type I Picture

Figure Type II Picture

Table Application of Carpet Washing Machines

Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Application in 2015

Figure Application 1 Examples

Figure Application 2 Examples

Figure Germany Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure France Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure UK Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Russia Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Italy Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Spain Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Figure 2015 Carpet Washing Machines Sales Share by Manufacturers

Figure 2016 Carpet Washing Machines Sales Share by Manufacturers

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table 2015 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table 2016 Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Revenue Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Carpet Washing Machines by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Germany Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure France Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure France Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table France Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table France Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table France Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table France Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table France Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table France Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure UK Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Russia Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Italy Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Spain Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Carpet Washing Machines Basic Information List

Table Whirlpool Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Whirlpool Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table LG Basic Information List

Table LG Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table LG Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Electrolux Basic Information List

Table Electrolux Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Electrolux Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Samsung Basic Information List

Table Samsung Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Samsung Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Panasonic Basic Information List

Table Panasonic Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Panasonic Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Toshiba Basic Information List

Table Toshiba Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Toshiba Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Hitachi Basic Information List

Table Hitachi Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Hitachi Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Sharp Basic Information List

Table Sharp Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Sharp Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table GE Basic Information List

Table GE Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table GE Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Bosch Basic Information List

Table Bosch Carpet Washing Machines Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Bosch Carpet Washing Machines Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Haier Basic Information List

Table Midea Basic Information List

Table Qishuai Basic Information List

Table Little Duck Basic Information List

Table Aucma Basic Information List

Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material

Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Carpet Washing Machines

Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Carpet Washing Machines

Figure Carpet Washing Machines Industrial Chain Analysis

Table Raw Materials Sources of Carpet Washing Machines Major Manufacturers in 2015

Table Major Buyers of Carpet Washing Machines

Table Distributors/Traders List

Figure Germany Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Germany Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure France Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure France Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure UK Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure UK Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Russia Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Russia Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Italy Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Italy Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Spain Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Spain Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Benelux Carpet Washing Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Table Europe Carpet Washing Machines Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)