Global Business Tax Services Market Growth (Status and Outlook) 2022-2028

1.1 Market Introduction

1.2 Years Considered

1.3 Research Objectives

1.4 Market Research Methodology

1.5 Research Process and Data Source

1.6 Economic Indicators

1.7 Currency Considered

2 Executive Summary

2.1 World Market Overview

2.1.1 Global Business Tax Services Market Size 2017-2028

2.1.2 Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Region 2017 VS 2022 VS 2028

2.2 Business Tax Services Segment by Type

2.2.1 Tax Planning

2.2.2 Tax Accounting

2.2.3 Tax Compliance

2.2.4 Others

2.3 Business Tax Services Market Size by Type

2.3.1 Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Type (2017 VS 2022 VS 2028)

2.3.2 Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

2.4 Business Tax Services Segment by Application

2.4.1 Manufacturing Industry

2.4.2 Service Industry

2.5 Business Tax Services Market Size by Application

2.5.1 Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Application (2017 VS 2022 VS 2028)

2.5.2 Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

3 Business Tax Services Market Size by Player

3.1 Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Players

3.1.1 Global Business Tax Services Revenue by Players (2020-2022)

3.1.2 Global Business Tax Services Revenue Market Share by Players (2020-2022)

3.2 Global Business Tax Services Key Players Head office and Products Offered

3.3 Market Concentration Rate Analysis

3.3.1 Competition Landscape Analysis

3.3.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2020-2022)

3.4 New Products and Potential Entrants

3.5 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

4 Business Tax Services by Regions

4.1 Business Tax Services Market Size by Regions (2017-2022)

4.2 Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Growth (2017-2022)

4.3 APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Growth (2017-2022)

4.4 Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Growth (2017-2022)

4.5 Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Growth (2017-2022)

5 Americas

5.1 Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Country (2017-2022)

5.2 Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022)

5.3 Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022)

5.4 United States

5.5 Canada

5.6 Mexico

5.7 Brazil

6 APAC

6.1 APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Region (2017-2022)

6.2 APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022)

6.3 APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022)

6.4 China

6.5 Japan

6.6 Korea

6.7 Southeast Asia

6.8 India

6.9 Australia

7 Europe

7.1 Europe Business Tax Services by Country (2017-2022)

7.2 Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022)

7.3 Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022)

7.4 Germany

7.5 France

7.6 UK

7.7 Italy

7.8 Russia

8 Middle East & Africa

8.1 Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services by Region (2017-2022)

8.2 Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022)

8.3 Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022)

8.4 Egypt

8.5 South Africa

8.6 Israel

8.7 Turkey

8.8 GCC Countries

9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends

9.1 Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities

9.2 Market Challenges & Risks

9.3 Industry Trends

10 Global Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.1 Global Business Tax Services Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)

10.1.1 Global Business Tax Services Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)

10.1.2 Americas Business Tax Services Forecast

10.1.3 APAC Business Tax Services Forecast

10.1.4 Europe Business Tax Services Forecast

10.1.5 Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Forecast

10.2 Americas Business Tax Services Forecast by Country (2023-2028)

10.2.1 United States Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.2.2 Canada Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.2.3 Mexico Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.2.4 Brazil Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.3 APAC Business Tax Services Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

10.3.1 China Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.3.2 Japan Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.3.3 Korea Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.3.4 Southeast Asia Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.3.5 India Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.3.6 Australia Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.4 Europe Business Tax Services Forecast by Country (2023-2028)

10.4.1 Germany Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.4.2 France Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.4.3 UK Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.4.4 Italy Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.4.5 Russia Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.5 Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Forecast by Region (2023-2028)

10.5.1 Egypt Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.5.2 South Africa Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.5.3 Israel Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.5.4 Turkey Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.5.5 GCC Countries Business Tax Services Market Forecast

10.6 Global Business Tax Services Forecast by Type (2023-2028)

10.7 Global Business Tax Services Forecast by Application (2023-2028)

11 Key Players Analysis

11.1 PwC

11.1.1 PwC Company Information

11.1.2 PwC Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.1.3 PwC Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.1.4 PwC Main Business Overview

11.1.5 PwC Latest Developments

11.2 EY

11.2.1 EY Company Information

11.2.2 EY Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.2.3 EY Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.2.4 EY Main Business Overview

11.2.5 EY Latest Developments

11.3 Deloitte

11.3.1 Deloitte Company Information

11.3.2 Deloitte Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.3.3 Deloitte Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.3.4 Deloitte Main Business Overview

11.3.5 Deloitte Latest Developments

11.4 KPMG

11.4.1 KPMG Company Information

11.4.2 KPMG Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.4.3 KPMG Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.4.4 KPMG Main Business Overview

11.4.5 KPMG Latest Developments

11.5 RSM International

11.5.1 RSM International Company Information

11.5.2 RSM International Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.5.3 RSM International Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.5.4 RSM International Main Business Overview

11.5.5 RSM International Latest Developments

11.6 Crowe

11.6.1 Crowe Company Information

11.6.2 Crowe Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.6.3 Crowe Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.6.4 Crowe Main Business Overview

11.6.5 Crowe Latest Developments

11.7 Grant Thornton

11.7.1 Grant Thornton Company Information

11.7.2 Grant Thornton Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.7.3 Grant Thornton Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.7.4 Grant Thornton Main Business Overview

11.7.5 Grant Thornton Latest Developments

11.8 Cherry Bekaert

11.8.1 Cherry Bekaert Company Information

11.8.2 Cherry Bekaert Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.8.3 Cherry Bekaert Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.8.4 Cherry Bekaert Main Business Overview

11.8.5 Cherry Bekaert Latest Developments

11.9 BDO

11.9.1 BDO Company Information

11.9.2 BDO Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.9.3 BDO Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.9.4 BDO Main Business Overview

11.9.5 BDO Latest Developments

11.10 CohnReznick

11.10.1 CohnReznick Company Information

11.10.2 CohnReznick Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.10.3 CohnReznick Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.10.4 CohnReznick Main Business Overview

11.10.5 CohnReznick Latest Developments

11.11 CBIZ

11.11.1 CBIZ Company Information

11.11.2 CBIZ Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.11.3 CBIZ Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.11.4 CBIZ Main Business Overview

11.11.5 CBIZ Latest Developments

11.12 CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA)

11.12.1 CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Company Information

11.12.2 CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.12.3 CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.12.4 CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Main Business Overview

11.12.5 CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Latest Developments

11.13 EisnerAmper

11.13.1 EisnerAmper Company Information

11.13.2 EisnerAmper Business Tax Services Product Offered

11.13.3 EisnerAmper Business Tax Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

11.13.4 EisnerAmper Main Business Overview

11.13.5 EisnerAmper Latest Developments

12 Research Findings and Conclusion

Table 1. Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Region (2017 VS 2022 VS 2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 2. Major Players of Tax Planning

Table 3. Major Players of Tax Accounting

Table 4. Major Players of Tax Compliance

Table 5. Major Players of Others

Table 6. Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Type (2017 VS 2022 VS 2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 7. Global Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 8. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 9. Business Tax Services Market Size CAGR by Application (2017 VS 2022 VS 2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 10. Global Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 11. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 12. Global Business Tax Services Revenue by Players (2020-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 13. Global Business Tax Services Revenue Market Share by Player (2020-2022)

Table 14. Business Tax Services Key Players Head office and Products Offered

Table 15. Business Tax Services Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2020-2022)

Table 16. New Products and Potential Entrants

Table 17. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

Table 18. Global Business Tax Services Market Size by Regions 2017-2022 & ($ Millions)

Table 19. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Regions (2017-2022)

Table 20. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 21. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 22. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 23. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 24. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 25. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 26. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 27. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table 28. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 29. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 30. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 31. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 32. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 33. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Country (2017-2022)

Table 34. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 35. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 36. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 37. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 38. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 39. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region (2017-2022)

Table 40. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 41. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)

Table 42. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Table 43. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application (2017-2022)

Table 44. Key Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities of Business Tax Services

Table 45. Key Market Challenges & Risks of Business Tax Services

Table 46. Key Industry Trends of Business Tax Services

Table 47. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Forecast by Regions (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 48. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)

Table 49. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Forecast by Type (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 50. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share Forecast by Type (2023-2028)

Table 51. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Forecast by Application (2023-2028) & ($ Millions)

Table 52. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share Forecast by Application (2023-2028)

Table 53. PwC Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 54. PwC Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 55. PwC Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 56. PwC Main Business

Table 57. PwC Latest Developments

Table 58. EY Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 59. EY Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 60. EY Main Business

Table 61. EY Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 62. EY Latest Developments

Table 63. Deloitte Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 64. Deloitte Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 65. Deloitte Main Business

Table 66. Deloitte Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 67. Deloitte Latest Developments

Table 68. KPMG Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 69. KPMG Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 70. KPMG Main Business

Table 71. KPMG Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 72. KPMG Latest Developments

Table 73. RSM International Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 74. RSM International Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 75. RSM International Main Business

Table 76. RSM International Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 77. RSM International Latest Developments

Table 78. Crowe Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 79. Crowe Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 80. Crowe Main Business

Table 81. Crowe Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 82. Crowe Latest Developments

Table 83. Grant Thornton Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 84. Grant Thornton Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 85. Grant Thornton Main Business

Table 86. Grant Thornton Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 87. Grant Thornton Latest Developments

Table 88. Cherry Bekaert Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 89. Cherry Bekaert Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 90. Cherry Bekaert Main Business

Table 91. Cherry Bekaert Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 92. Cherry Bekaert Latest Developments

Table 93. BDO Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 94. BDO Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 95. BDO Main Business

Table 96. BDO Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 97. BDO Latest Developments

Table 98. CohnReznick Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 99. CohnReznick Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 100. CohnReznick Main Business

Table 101. CohnReznick Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 102. CohnReznick Latest Developments

Table 103. CBIZ Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 104. CBIZ Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 105. CBIZ Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 106. CBIZ Main Business

Table 107. CBIZ Latest Developments

Table 108. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 109. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 110. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Main Business

Table 111. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 112. CliftonLarsonAllen (CLA) Latest Developments

Table 113. EisnerAmper Details, Company Type, Business Tax Services Area Served and Its Competitors

Table 114. EisnerAmper Business Tax Services Product Offered

Table 115. EisnerAmper Main Business

Table 116. EisnerAmper Business Tax Services Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2022)

Table 117. EisnerAmper Latest Developments

List of Figures

Figure 1. Business Tax Services Report Years Considered

Figure 2. Research Objectives

Figure 3. Research Methodology

Figure 4. Research Process and Data Source

Figure 5. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Growth Rate 2017-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 6. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type in 2021

Figure 7. Business Tax Services in Manufacturing Industry

Figure 8. Global Business Tax Services Market: Manufacturing Industry (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Figure 9. Business Tax Services in Service Industry

Figure 10. Global Business Tax Services Market: Service Industry (2017-2022) & ($ Millions)

Figure 11. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 12. Global Business Tax Services Revenue Market Share by Player in 2021

Figure 13. Global Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Regions (2017-2022)

Figure 14. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 15. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 16. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 17. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 18. Americas Business Tax Services Value Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 19. Americas Business Tax Services Consumption Market Share by Type in 2021

Figure 20. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 21. United States Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 22. Canada Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 23. Mexico Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 24. Brazil Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 25. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region in 2021

Figure 26. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 27. China Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 28. Japan Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 29. Korea Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 30. Southeast Asia Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 31. India Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 32. Australia Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 33. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Country in 2021

Figure 34. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type in 2021

Figure 35. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 36. Germany Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 37. France Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 38. UK Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 39. Italy Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 40. Russia Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 41. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Region in 2021

Figure 42. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Type in 2021

Figure 43. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Market Share by Application in 2021

Figure 44. Egypt Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 45. South Africa Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 46. Israel Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 47. Turkey Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 48. GCC Country Business Tax Services Market Size Growth 2017-2022 ($ Millions)

Figure 49. Americas Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 50. APAC Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 51. Europe Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 52. Middle East & Africa Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 53. United States Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 54. Canada Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 55. Mexico Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 56. Brazil Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 57. China Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 58. Japan Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 59. Korea Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 60. Southeast Asia Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 61. India Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 62. Australia Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 63. Germany Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 64. France Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 65. UK Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 66. Italy Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 67. Russia Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 68. Spain Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 69. Egypt Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 70. South Africa Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 71. Israel Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 72. Turkey Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Figure 73. GCC Countries Business Tax Services Market Size 2023-2028 ($ Millions)