Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Market Report 2017

Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Market Report 2017

1 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Overview

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

1.2 Classification of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

1.2.1 Type I

1.2.2 Type II

1.3 Application of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

1.3.1 Application 1

1.3.2 Application 2

1.4 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market by Regions

1.4.1 United States Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.2 China Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.3 Europe Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.5 Global Market Size (Value and Volume) of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (2012-2022)

1.5.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

1.5.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Competition by Manufacturers, Type and Application

2.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Competition by Manufacturers

2.1.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.1.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

2.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume and Value) by Type

2.2.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

2.2.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

2.3 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume and Value) by Regions

2.3.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)

2.3.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)

2.4 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume) by Application

3 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

3.1 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Value (2012-2017)

3.1.1 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

3.1.2 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

3.1.3 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

3.2 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

3.3 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type

3.4 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application

4 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

4.1 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Value (2012-2017)

4.1.1 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

4.1.2 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

4.1.3 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

4.2 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

4.3 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type

4.4 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application

5 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

5.1 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Value (2012-2017)

5.1.1 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

5.1.2 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

5.1.3 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

5.2 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

5.3 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type

5.4 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application

6 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

6.1 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Value (2012-2017)

6.1.1 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

6.1.2 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

6.1.3 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

6.2 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

6.3 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type

6.4 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application

7 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

7.1 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Value (2012-2017)

7.1.1 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

7.1.2 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

7.1.3 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

7.2 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

7.3 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type

7.4 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application

8 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

8.1 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Value (2012-2017)

8.1.1 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

8.1.2 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

8.1.3 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

8.2 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

8.3 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type

8.4 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application

9 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Manufacturers Analysis

9.1 Basf

9.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.1.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.1.2.1 Product A

9.1.2.2 Product B

9.1.3 Basf Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview

9.2 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC

9.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.2.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.2.2.1 Product A

9.2.2.2 Product B

9.2.3 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview

9.3 ASK Chemicals?

9.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.3.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.3.2.1 Product A

9.3.2.2 Product B

9.3.3 ASK Chemicals? Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview

9.4 Achema AB

9.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.4.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.4.2.1 Product A

9.4.2.2 Product B

9.4.3 Achema AB Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview

9.5 INDSPEC Chemical Corporation

9.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.5.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.5.2.1 Product A

9.5.2.2 Product B

9.5.3 INDSPEC Chemical Corporation Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview

9.6 CIECH GROUP

9.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.6.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.6.2.1 Product A

9.6.2.2 Product B

9.6.3 CIECH GROUP Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview

9.7 Hexion

9.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

9.7.2 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Product Type, Application and Specification

9.7.2.1 Product A

9.7.2.2 Product B

9.7.3 Hexion Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

9.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview

...

10 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Maufacturing Cost Analysis

10.1 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Key Raw Materials Analysis

10.1.1 Key Raw Materials

10.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

10.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

10.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials

10.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure

10.2.1 Raw Materials

10.2.2 Labor Cost

10.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

10.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

11 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

11.1 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Industrial Chain Analysis

11.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing

11.3 Raw Materials Sources of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Major Manufacturers in 2015

11.4 Downstream Buyers

12 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

12.1 Marketing Channel

12.1.1 Direct Marketing

12.1.2 Indirect Marketing

12.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend

12.2 Market Positioning

12.2.1 Pricing Strategy

12.2.2 Brand Strategy

12.2.3 Target Client

12.3 Distributors/Traders List

13 Market Effect Factors Analysis

13.1 Technology Progress/Risk

13.1.1 Substitutes Threat

13.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry

13.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change

13.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

14 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Forecast (2017-2022)

14.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Price Forecast (2017-2022)

14.1.1 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.1.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.1.3 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)

14.2.1 United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2.2 China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2.3 Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2.4 Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2.5 Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2.6 India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

14.3 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

14.4 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

15 Research Findings and Conclusion

16 Appendix

Methodology

Analyst Introduction

Data Source

Figure Picture of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

Table Classification of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

Figure Global Sales Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Type in 2015

Figure Type I Picture

Figure Type II Picture

Table Applications of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

Figure Global Sales Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Application in 2015

Figure Application 1 Examples

Figure Application 2 Examples

Figure United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales of Key Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Figure 2015 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Share by Manufacturers

Figure 2016 Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Share by Manufacturers

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table 2015 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table 2016 Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Share by Regions (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Regions (2012-2017)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Share by Regions (2012-2017)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Regions (2012-2017)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)

Figure United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Type (2012-2017)

Table United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Application (2012-2017)

Table United States Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Type (2012-2017)

Table China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Application (2012-2017)

Table China Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Application (2012-2017)

Table Europe Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Type (2012-2017)

Table Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Application (2012-2017)

Table Japan Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Type (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Application (2012-2017)

Table Southeast Asia Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Manufacturers (2012-2017)

Table India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Type (2012-2017)

Table India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales by Application (2012-2017)

Table India Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Table Basf Basic Information List

Table Basf Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Basf Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC Basic Information List

Table Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table ASK Chemicals? Basic Information List

Table ASK Chemicals? Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure ASK Chemicals? Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Achema AB Basic Information List

Table Achema AB Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Achema AB Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table INDSPEC Chemical Corporation Basic Information List

Table INDSPEC Chemical Corporation Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure INDSPEC Chemical Corporation Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table CIECH GROUP Basic Information List

Table CIECH GROUP Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure CIECH GROUP Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Hexion Basic Information List

Table Hexion Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Hexion Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Global Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material

Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

Figure Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Industrial Chain Analysis

Table Raw Materials Sources of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Major Manufacturers in 2015

Table Major Buyers of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin

Table Distributors/Traders List

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Table Global Resorcinol Formaldehyde Resin Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)