Europe Modular Kitchen Market Report 2017

Europe Modular Kitchen Market Report 2017

1 Modular Kitchen Overview

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Modular Kitchen

1.2 Classification of Modular Kitchen

1.2.1 Artificial Stone Modular Kitchen

1.2.2 Natural Stone Modular Kitchen

1.2.3 Fire Resistance board Modular Kitchen

1.2.4 Stainless Steel Modular Kitchen

1.2.5 Others

1.3 Application of Modular Kitchen

1.3.1 Upper Middle Classes

1.3.2 Socio-economic Classes

1.4 Modular Kitchen Market by Countries

1.4.1 Germany Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.2 France Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.3 UK Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.4 Russia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.5 Italy Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.6 Spain Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.4.7 Benelux Status and Prospect (2012-2022)

1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Modular Kitchen (2012-2022)

1.5.1 Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

1.5.2 Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 Europe Modular Kitchen by Manufacturers, Type and Application

2.1 Europe Modular Kitchen Market Competition by Manufacturers

2.1.1 Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

2.1.2 Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

2.2 Europe Modular Kitchen (Volume and Value) by Type

2.2.1 Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

2.2.2 Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

2.3 Europe Modular Kitchen (Volume and Value) by Countries

2.3.1 Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

2.3.2 Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

2.4 Europe Modular Kitchen (Volume) by Application

3 Germany Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

3.1 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

3.1.1 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

3.1.2 Germany Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

3.1.3 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

3.2 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

3.3 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

3.4 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

4 France Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

4.1 France Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

4.1.1 France Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

4.1.2 France Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

4.1.4 France Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

4.2 France Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

4.3 France Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

4.4 France Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

5 UK Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

5.1 UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

5.1.1 UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

5.1.2 UK Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

5.1.5 UK Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

5.2 UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

5.3 UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

5.4 UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

6 Russia Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

6.1 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

6.1.1 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

6.1.2 Russia Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

6.1.6 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

6.2 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

6.3 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

6.4 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

7 Italy Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

7.1 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

7.1.1 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

7.1.2 Italy Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

7.1.7 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

7.2 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

7.3 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

7.4 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

8 Spain Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

8.1 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

8.1.1 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

8.1.2 Spain Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

8.1.8 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

8.2 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

8.3 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

8.4 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

9 Benelux Modular Kitchen (Volume, Value and Sales Price)

9.1 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Value (2012-2017)

9.1.1 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

9.1.2 Benelux Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

9.1.9 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

9.2 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers

9.3 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type

9.4 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application

10 Europe Modular Kitchen Manufacturers Analysis

10.1 Sleek International

10.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.1.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.1.2.1 Product A

10.1.2.2 Product B

10.1.3 Sleek International Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.2 Godrej and Boyce Mfg

10.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.2.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.2.2.1 Product A

10.2.2.2 Product B

10.2.3 Godrej and Boyce Mfg Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.3 Oren Kitchen Appliances

10.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.3.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.3.2.1 Product A

10.3.2.2 Product B

10.3.3 Oren Kitchen Appliances Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.4 Zuari Furniture

10.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.4.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.4.2.1 Product A

10.4.2.2 Product B

10.4.3 Zuari Furniture Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.5 Spacewood

10.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.5.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.5.2.1 Product A

10.5.2.2 Product B

10.5.3 Spacewood Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.6 IFB Industries Ltd

10.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.6.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.6.2.1 Product A

10.6.2.2 Product B

10.6.3 IFB Industries Ltd Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.7 Hindware Home Retail

10.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.7.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.7.2.1 Product A

10.7.2.2 Product B

10.7.3 Hindware Home Retail Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.8 Design Indian Kitchen

10.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.8.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.8.2.1 Product A

10.8.2.2 Product B

10.8.3 Design Indian Kitchen Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.9 Europlak ?SV Cucine India

10.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.9.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.9.2.1 Product A

10.9.2.2 Product B

10.9.3 Europlak ?SV Cucine India Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.10 Timbor Home

10.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors

10.10.2 Modular Kitchen Product Type, Application and Specification

10.10.2.1 Product A

10.10.2.2 Product B

10.10.3 Timbor Home Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

10.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10.11 Kitchen Grace

10.12 Cute Kitchen

10.13 V3 ENGINEERS

10.14 ModSpace

10.15 Lispo Kitchens

10.16 Kohinoor Furnture House

10.17 Akruti

11 Modular Kitchen Manufacturing Cost Analysis

11.1 Modular Kitchen Key Raw Materials Analysis

11.1.1 Key Raw Materials

11.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

11.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

11.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials

11.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure

11.2.1 Raw Materials

11.2.2 Labor Cost

11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses

11.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Modular Kitchen

12 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

12.1 Modular Kitchen Industrial Chain Analysis

12.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing

12.3 Raw Materials Sources of Modular Kitchen Major Manufacturers in 2015

12.4 Downstream Buyers

13 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

13.1 Marketing Channel

13.1.1 Direct Marketing

13.1.2 Indirect Marketing

13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend

13.2 Market Positioning

13.2.1 Pricing Strategy

13.2.2 Brand Strategy

13.2.3 Target Client

13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 Europe Modular Kitchen Market Forecast (2017-2022)

14.1 Germany Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.2 France Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.3 UK Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.4 Russia Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.5 Italy Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.6 Spain Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.7 Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast (2017-2022)

14.8 Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

14.9 Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

15 Research Findings and Conclusion

16 Appendix

Methodology

Analyst Introduction

Data Source

Figure Picture of Modular Kitchen

Table Classification of Modular Kitchen

Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Type in 2015

Figure Artificial Stone Modular Kitchen Picture

Figure Natural Stone Modular Kitchen Picture

Figure Fire Resistance board Modular Kitchen Picture

Figure Stainless Steel Modular Kitchen Picture

Figure Others Picture

Table Application of Modular Kitchen

Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Application in 2015

Figure Upper Middle Classes Examples

Figure Socio-economic Classes Examples

Figure Germany Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure France Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure UK Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Russia Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Italy Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Spain Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Benelux Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Figure Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Figure 2015 Modular Kitchen Sales Share by Manufacturers

Figure 2016 Modular Kitchen Sales Share by Manufacturers

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table 2015 Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table 2016 Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue Share by Manufacturers

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Type (2012-2017)

Figure Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Revenue Share by Countries (2012-2017)

Figure Revenue Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Countries (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Sales Market Share of Modular Kitchen by Application (2012-2017)

Figure Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Germany Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Germany Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Germany Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Germany Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure France Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure France Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure France Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table France Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table France Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table France Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table France Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table France Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table France Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure UK Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure UK Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table UK Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table UK Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Russia Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Russia Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Russia Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Russia Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Italy Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Italy Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Italy Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Italy Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Spain Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Spain Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Spain Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Spain Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Figure Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Benelux Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)

Figure Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)

Table Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Modular Kitchen Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Modular Kitchen Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Benelux Modular Kitchen Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)

Table Modular Kitchen Basic Information List

Table Sleek International Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Figure Sleek International Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Godrej and Boyce Mfg Basic Information List

Table Godrej and Boyce Mfg Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Godrej and Boyce Mfg Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Oren Kitchen Appliances Basic Information List

Table Oren Kitchen Appliances Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Oren Kitchen Appliances Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Zuari Furniture Basic Information List

Table Zuari Furniture Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Zuari Furniture Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Spacewood Basic Information List

Table Spacewood Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Spacewood Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table IFB Industries Ltd Basic Information List

Table IFB Industries Ltd Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table IFB Industries Ltd Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Hindware Home Retail Basic Information List

Table Hindware Home Retail Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Hindware Home Retail Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Design Indian Kitchen Basic Information List

Table Design Indian Kitchen Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Design Indian Kitchen Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Europlak ?SV Cucine India Basic Information List

Table Europlak ?SV Cucine India Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Europlak ?SV Cucine India Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Timbor Home Basic Information List

Table Timbor Home Modular Kitchen Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

Table Timbor Home Modular Kitchen Sales Market Share (2012-2017)

Table Kitchen Grace Basic Information List

Table Cute Kitchen Basic Information List

Table V3 ENGINEERS Basic Information List

Table ModSpace Basic Information List

Table Lispo Kitchens Basic Information List

Table Kohinoor Furnture House Basic Information List

Table Akruti Basic Information List

Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material

Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials

Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials

Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Modular Kitchen

Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Modular Kitchen

Figure Modular Kitchen Industrial Chain Analysis

Table Raw Materials Sources of Modular Kitchen Major Manufacturers in 2015

Table Major Buyers of Modular Kitchen

Table Distributors/Traders List

Figure Germany Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Germany Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure France Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure France Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure UK Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure UK Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Russia Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Russia Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Italy Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Italy Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Spain Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Spain Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Benelux Modular Kitchen Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Figure Benelux Modular Kitchen Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2022)

Table Europe Modular Kitchen Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2022)